The sand dunes at Greenwich are of particular significance. Large dune fields on the north shore can be found on barrier islands at the entrances to various bays and harbours. The geological properties of a white silica sand found at Basin Head are unique in the province the sand grains cause a scrubbing noise as they rub against each other when walked on, and have been called the "singing sands". The beaches, dunes and sandstone cliffs consist of sedimentary rock and other material with a high iron concentration, which oxidises upon exposure to the air. The coastline has a combination of long beaches, dunes, red sandstone cliffs, salt water marshes, and numerous bays and harbours. The island's landscape is pastoral, with wooded areas and rolling hills. The following island landmarks are also named after the Duke of Kent:
Thus, Prince Edward has been called "Father of the Canadian Crown". The island was split from the British colony of Nova Scotia in 1769, and renamed in 1798 after Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn (1767–1820), the fourth son of King George III and, in 1819, father of the future Queen Victoria. "the Island of the Prince", the local form of the longer 'Eilean a' Phrionnsa Iomhair/Eideard') or Eilean Eòin for some Gaelic speakers in Nova Scotia, though not on PEI (literally, "John's Island" in reference to the island's former French name). In French, the island is today called Île-du-Prince-Édouard.Īs a result of the early French colonial name, Scots immigrants knew the island in Scottish Gaelic as Eilean a' Phrionnsa (lit. When the island was part of Acadia, originally settled by French colonists, its French name was Île Saint-Jean (St. The island is known in the Mi'kmaq language of its historic indigenous occupants as Abegweit or Epekwitk, roughly translated as "land cradled in the waves". It is the 104th-largest island in the world, Canada's 23rd-largest island, and the only Canadian province consisting solely of an island. Lawrence, about 200 kilometres (120 miles) north of Halifax and 600 kilometres (370 miles) east of Quebec City, and has a land area of 5,686.03 km 2 (2,195.39 sq mi). Prince Edward Island is located in the Gulf of St. As Prince Edward Island is one of Canada's older settlements, its population still reflects some of the earliest settlers, with Canadien, Scottish, Irish, and English surnames being dominant. Other important industries include the fisheries, tourism, aerospace, bio-science, IT, and renewable energy. The backbone of the island economy is farming it produces 25% of Canada's potatoes. Prince Edward Island initially balked at Confederation but, facing bankruptcy from the Land Question and construction of a railroad, joined as Canada's seventh province in 1873.Īccording to Statistics Canada, the province of Prince Edward Island had 158,717 residents in 2019.
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Prince Edward Island hosted the Charlottetown Conference in 1864 to discuss a union of the Maritime provinces however, the conference became the first in a series of meetings which led to Canadian Confederation in 1867. The island was ceded to the British at the conclusion of the French and Indian War in 1763 and became part of the colony of Nova Scotia, and in 1769 the island became its own British colony. Part of the traditional lands of the Miꞌkmaq, it was colonized by the French in 1604 as part of the colony of Acadia. It is one of the three Maritime provinces and one of the four Atlantic provinces. Its capital and largest city is Charlottetown. The island has several nicknames: "Garden of the Gulf", "Birthplace of Confederation" and "Cradle of Confederation". It is the smallest province in terms of land area and population, but the most densely populated. Prince Edward Island ( PEI French: Île-du-Prince-Édouard colloquially known as The Island) is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada. Rankings include all provinces and territories
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